dư dùng
Definitions
- Adjective:
- More than enough, ample, sufficient with surplus: Describes a quantity or amount that exceeds what is needed or required, leaving a comfortable remainder.
- Adequate with leftovers: Indicates that after fulfilling a need or purpose, there is still some left over.
Usage Examples
- Adjective:
- Số tiền này không chỉ đủ mà còn dư dùng cho cả tháng. (This amount of money is not only enough but also more than sufficient for the whole month.)
- Mua ba ký là dư dùng cho bữa tiệc rồi. (Buying three kilograms is plenty/ample for the party.)
- Anh ấy tính toán rất cẩn thận nên lúc nào cũng có khoản dư dùng. (He calculates very carefully so there's always a surplus.)
Advanced Usage
- "dư dùng" as an adverbial phrase: Used to modify verbs, indicating an action is done with more than enough resources.
- Cứ ăn đi, thức ăn làm dư dùng đấy. (Go ahead and eat, the food was prepared in ample quantity.)
- Implies a sense of comfort, security, and lack of worry about scarcity. It often carries a positive connotation of prudent planning or good fortune.
Variants and Related Words
- Dư (adj/verb): To be left over, surplus, extra.
- tiền dư (surplus money)
- Đủ dùng (adj phrase): Sufficient for use, enough.
- Số gạo này đủ dùng cho một tuần. (This amount of rice is enough for a week.)
- Dư giả (adj): Abundant, plentiful, well-off (often for money or resources).
- cuộc sống dư giả (an abundant/comfortable life)
Synonyms
- Thừa thãi: In excess, more than needed (can sometimes have a slightly negative connotation of wastefulness).
- Dư thừa: Surplus, leftover.
- Đầy đủ: Adequate, fully sufficient.
- Phong phú: Abundant, rich (often in quality or variety).
Related Phrases
- Dư ăn dư để: A common reinforcing phrase meaning "more than enough to eat and to spare," emphasizing ample surplus.
- Làm ăn năm nay dư ăn dư để. (This year's business yields more than enough.)
- Dư sức: To have more than enough strength/capacity.
- Anh ấy dư sức làm việc đó. (He is more than capable of doing that work.)
Notes on Meaning
- "Dư dùng" vs. "Đủ dùng": While both relate to sufficiency, "đủ dùng" means "just enough to meet the need." "Dư dùng" explicitly means "enough ," highlighting the existence of a surplus.
- It is primarily used for tangible resources like money, food, supplies, or time, but can be extended to intangible things like patience or effort.
- The term reflects a practical and economical mindset, valuing resources that are not merely adequate but provide a buffer.